A continuación se recogen los artículos de investigación publicados por el equipo HBSC en esta temática.
Trends in cannabis use among adolescents in Spain 2006-2018.
Leal-Lópoez, E., Sánchez-Queija, I., Rivera, F., Moreno, C. (2021).
Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2021.1988021. JCR IF (2020): 0,763 (Q4, SUBSTANCE ABUSE )
Trends in cannabis use among adolescents in Spain 2006-2018.
Leal-Lópoez, E., Sánchez-Queija, I., Rivera, F., Moreno, C. (2021).
Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1080/1067828X.2021.1988021. JCR IF (2020): 0,763 (Q4, SUBSTANCE ABUSE )
Cross-national time trends in adolescent alcohol use from 2002 to 2014.
Leal-López, E., Sánchez-Queija, I., Vieno, A., Currie, D., Torsheim, T., Pavlova, D., Moreno-Maldonado, C., De Clercq, B., Kalman, M., Inchley, J. (2021).
European Journal of Public Health, ckab024. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckab024. JCR IF (2021): 4.424 (Q2,PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, SSCI)
Background. Adolescent alcohol consumption is a major public health concern that should be continuously monitored. This study aims (i) to analyze country-level trends in weekly alcohol consumption, drunkenness and early initiation in alcohol consumption and drunkenness among 15-year-old adolescents from 39 countries and regions across Europe and North America between 2002 and 2014 and (ii) to examine the geographical patterns in adolescent alcohol-related behaviours. Methods. The sample was composed of 250 161 adolescents aged 15 from 39 countries and regions from Europe and North America. Survey years were 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014. The alcohol consumption and drunkenness items of the HBSC questionnaire were employed. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance. Results. Data show a general decrease in all four alcohol variables between 2002 and 2014 except for some countries. However, there is variability both within a country (depending on the alcohol-related behaviour under study) and across countries (in the beginning and shape of trends). Some countries have not reduced or even increased their levels in some variables. Although some particularities have persisted over time, there are no robust patterns by regions. Conclusions. Despite an overall decrease in adolescent alcohol consumption, special attention should be paid to those countries where declines are not present, or despite decreasing, rates are still high. Further research is needed to clarify factors associated with adolescent drinking, to better understand country specificities and to implement effective policies.
Tendencias en el consumo de alcohol en adolescentes escolarizados en España (2010-2018).
Leal, E., Sánchez-Queija, I., Rivera, F., Moreno, M.C. (2021).
Gaceta Sanitaria, 35, 35-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2019.07.011
JCR IF (2021): 2.479 (Q3, en Health Care Sciences and Service(Science); Public, Environmental and Occupational Health and Health Policy & Services)
Objetivo: Analizar las tendencias en el consumo de cerveza, vino y licores destilados, así como de los episodios de embriaguez de los chicos y chicas adolescentes en España en 2010, 2014 y 2018, por sexo y edad.
Método: La muestra está formada por 35.310 participantes de 15 a 18 anos de edad representativos de la población adolescente escolarizada en España en 2010, 2014 y 2018. El cuestionario empleado fue el de consumo de alcohol y de episodios de embriaguez consensuado por el equipo internacional del estudio. Para lograr el objetivo se estimaron las razones de prevalencia y los intervalos de confianza del 95% mediante modelos de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta.
Resultados: Los datos muestran un descenso global entre 2010 y 2018 en el consumo de alcohol (tanto de cerveza como de vino y licores destilados) y en los episodios de embriaguez, aunque este descenso se concentra principalmente entre 2010 y 2014. Las diferencias según el sexo (mayor consumo frecuente y episodios de embriaguez en los chicos) se observan a los 17-18 años, pero no a los 15-16 años. Respecto a la edad, el grupo de 17-18 a´ños presenta mayores niveles que el de 15-16 aos.
Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio confirman la importancia de realizar análisis específicos para identificar posibles grupos de riesgo que no se detectan con análisis más generales. Se destaca la necesidad de seguir trabajando en la prevención y en las políticas de control dado el riesgo de estabilización del consumo.
Association of alcohol control policies with adolescent alcohol consumption and with social inequality in adolescent alcohol consumption: A multilevel study in 33 countries and regions.
Leal-López, E., Moreno-Maldonado, C., Inchley, J., Deforche, D., Van Havere, T., Van Dammeg, J., Buijs, T., Sánchez-Queija, I., Currie, D., Vieno, A., De Clercq, B. (2020)
International Journal of Drug Policy.
JCR (2019): SUBSTANCE USE (3 OF 36): Q1
FI: 4.444
Abstract: Background Previous research found inconsistent associations between alcohol control policies and socioeconomic inequality with adolescent drinking outcomes. This study expands the focus beyond individual associations to examine whether a combination of policies is related to socioeconomic inequality in adolescent drinking outcomes and whether this relationship varies across survey years. Methods Multilevel modelling of 4 waves of repeat cross-sectional survey data (2001/02, 2005/06, 2009/10, and 2013/14) from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study was carried out. The sample was composed of 671,084 adolescents (51% girls) aged 11, 13, and 15 (mean age=13.58; SD=1.65) from 33 European and North American countries/regions. The dependent variables were lifetime alcohol consumption, weekly alcohol consumption, and lifetime drunkenness. Independent variables were of three types: individual-level variables (age, sex, Family Affluence Scale, and the Perceived Family Wealth), time-level variable (survey year), and context-level variables (minimum legal drinking age, physical availability, advertising restrictions, a total alcohol policy index, and affordability of alcohol). Results The total alcohol policy index showed a negative relationship with both lifetime and weekly consumption. Higher affordability of alcohol was related to higher lifetime and weekly consumption and higher lifetime drunkenness. Family Affluence Scale was positively related to all three alcohol measures and Perceived Family Wealth was negatively related to lifetime drunkenness, with these associations increasing across survey years. The total alcohol policy index buffered the associations of Family Affluence Scale and Perceived Family Wealth with adolescent drinking outcomes. Conclusion A combination of alcohol control policies is more effective in reducing adolescent drinking outcomes than single policy measures. Reducing the affordability of alcohol stood out as the most successful single measure. Socioeconomic inequalities (i.e. higher alcohol consumption and drunkenness in adolescents with higher family affluence and higher drunkenness in adolescents perceiving their families to be poor) have persisted and even increased across survey years. A combined alcohol control policy can help in tackling them.